The rennet and acid coagulation properties of reconstituted micellar casein concentrate prepared using cold or warm microfiltration (MF), at similar casein contents, were investigated, with low-heat skim milk powder (LHSMP) as a control. The MF retentates had higher casein content (as % of total protein) compared with LHSMP, and heat-induced whey protein-casein aggregates were only present in LHSMP. All MF retentates showed shorter rennet coagulation times and higher gel strengths than LHSMP, which may be linked to lower levels of whey protein (either native or denatured).

3′-Sialyllactose (3′-SL) is a naturally occurring prebiotic in milk, known to regulate intestinal microbiota and prevent diseases. However, the mechanisms through which 3′-SL alleviates antibiotic-associated diarrhea remain poorly understood. In this study, an antibiotic-associated diarrhea model was established through the co-administration of ampicillin and neomycin. The effects of 3′-SL supplementation on diarrhea phenotype, inflammation, intestinal permeability, and barrier function were examined in antibiotic-associated diarrhea-model mice.

This study established a systematic framework to isolate and functionally characterize lactic acid bacteria from camel milk collected in Western China, targeting strains exhibiting robust antioxidant properties. Among 199 isolates, Leuconostoc mesenteroides C8 exhibited high oxidative stress tolerance and superior antioxidant activity. Its incorporation into yogurt fermentation significantly improved product stability and antioxidant retention during 21-d storage, even under light and thermal stress.

Co-fermentation using functional lactic acid bacteria strains provides a promising approach to improve the quality and health benefits of fermented dairy products. This study examined the effects of the commercial starter PYS-010 (containing Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus) and stabilizer on the physicochemical properties and metabonomics of brown fermented milk prepared using Lactobacillus helveticus H11, and the changes of metabolic flavor during storage.

Subclinical ketosis in dairy cows is accompanied by adaptive changes in the secretory function of the mammary gland. However, the molecular basis underlying this adaptation remains unclear. The secretory capacity of the mammary gland is closely linked to the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) biogenesis, particularly the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether BHB activates the IRE1α-XBP1 signaling axis to promote ER biogenesis, thereby sustaining casein synthesis.

Farmers can use automated milk feeders (AMF) to identify changes in the behavior of individual calves before they are clinically sick. However, other management factors, such as routine procedures, may affect group- and individual-level feeding behavior patterns in calves. This matched cohort study (n = 44; 22 pairs of booster-vaccinated calves matched to controls) evaluated the effects of a booster vaccination comprised of inactivated SalmonellaTyphimurium and SalmonellaDublin on feeding behavior and relative changes in behavior of Angus × Holstein calves reared at one calf-rearing facility.